Acct 504 Case Study 2 - 1024 Words

Prepared for: The President of LJB Company October 5, 2014 Table of contents Introduction: _______________________________________________________________3 New internal control requirements: ______________________________________________3 What the company is doing right: _______________________________________________4 What the company is doing wrong: ______________________________________________5 Conclusion: ________________________________________________________________5 References: ________________________________________________________________7 Introduction: Internal control is one of the integral parts of an organization. It is a system which controls different types of risks,†¦show more content†¦The company should also focus on the segregation of duties in the organization so as to have proper distribution of the duties. The company should also focus on managing the cash properly. The company should also focus on prenumbering the documents and the check as it will help in reducing the likelihood of the unauthorized transactions and embezzlements, all the documents should be accounted in sequence periodically. Advising the President of what the company is doing wrong The company has to be very strict with the quality of the employees, they should strongly consider the checking the background information of the employees being hired as the company has lately witnessed the password and security theft. The company should also focus on bonded employees which has fidelity bond which is an insurance cover so as to protect the employer if the employee is dishonest. Internal control has different control principles, establishing responsibility focuses on allotting different tasks to a concerned person, like each sales person should have an individual sales register. Different controls on physical, mechanical and electronic should be exercised as this will help in reducing the unauthorized use of different resources, this is essential for safeguarding assets andShow MoreRelatedAcct 504 Case Study 21101 Words   |  5 Pagesuation-securitization/financial-accounting-reporting/ipo-spotlight/index.htm Kimmel. Financial Accounting. 6. VitalSource Bookshelf. John Wiley Sons, , Tuesday, November 27, 2012. http://devry.vitalsource.com/books/9781118233634/id/B7-2 [pic]Read MoreACCT 504 Case Study 21955 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Internal Controls: Requirements and Recommendations for LJB Company Prepared For: LJB President Prepared By: February 5, 2013 Table of Contents Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 Internal Control Requirements for Publicly Traded Companies†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦..3 Current Strengths in Internal Controls†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Current Weaknesses in Internal Controls†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Summary and Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay Acct 504 Case Study 21016 Words   |  5 PagesAccounting 504 Case Study 2 Keller Graduate School of Management Prepared by: Samara Ellison Prepared for: Professor Hicks 3 April 2013 To: LJB Company President From: Samara Ellison, Accounting Firm Subject: Evaluation of LJB Company’s Internal Control Structures Date: 3 April 2013 Hello LJB Company President: First, I would like to thank you for hiring my accounting firm to evaluate LJB’s internal controls system. This report will inform you of any new internal control requirementsRead MorePsy 100 Week 8 Assignment 2 – Adjustment Case Study – New Updated Work1210 Words   |  5 PagesPSY 100 WEEK 8 ASSIGNMENT 2 – ADJUSTMENT CASE STUDY – NEW UPDATED WORK To purchase this Click here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/psy-100-week-8-assignment-2-adjustment-case-study-new-updated-work/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM PSY 100 WEEK 8 ASSIGNMENT 2 - ADJUSTMENT CASE STUDY - NEW UPDATED WORK Write a three to six (3-6) page paper in which you: 1. Summarize the two (2) articles you selected from the NPR Website. 2. Describe the major adjustment issues discussed inRead MoreEssay Acct 504 - Case Study Ii - Internal Controll1504 Words   |  7 PagesCase study II – Internal control Managerial Accounting and Finance – ACCT 504 Keller Graduate School of Management May 2013 Session Date of June 11, 2013 Table of Contents Introduction 1 Internal control rules and regulations requirements before going public 1 THE BAD – Things that the company does poorly 2 Recommendations to the President 4 Conclusion 6 Bibliography 7 Case study II – Internal control Introduction Internal control refers to methods, techniques and measuresRead MoreMr Zhang42340 Words   |  170 PagesAuditing Cases SOLUTIONS MANUAL 11e Table of Contents John M. Trussel and J. Douglas Frazer A Not on Ethics, Fraud and Sox Questions 2 A Note on Research Assignments 4 Introductory Case 6 Case 1 13 Case 2 21 Case 3 29 Case 4 39 Case 5 51 Case 6 67 Case 7 74 Case 8 83 Case 9 92 Case 10 100 Case 11 Read MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 PagesPERMREQ@WILEY.COM. To order books or for customer service, call 1-800-CALL-WILEY(225-5945). Montgomery, Douglas, C. Introduction to Statistical Quality Control, Sixth Edition 978-0-470-16992-6 Printed in the United States of America. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 About the Author Douglas C. Montgomery is Regents’ Professor of Industrial Engineering and Statistics and the Arizona State University Foundation Professor of Engineering. He received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from Virginia PolytechnicRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesdefined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 Setting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and ProjectRead MoreCost Accounting134556 Words   |  539 PagesManagement Fifth Edition MICHAEL MAHER University of California, Davis Table of Contents Chapter 1 Cost Accounting: How Managers User Cost Accounting Information Chapter 15 Using Differential Analysis for Production Decisions Chapter 2 Cost Concepts and Behaviour Chapter 16 Managing Quality and Time Chapter 3 Cost System Design: An Overview Chapter 17 Planning and Budgeting Chapter 4 Job Costing Chapter 18 Flexible Budgeting and Performance Evaluation Chapter

How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance Free Essays

string(72) " society gives a strong social reaction to those who deviate its norms\." Although many people know that deviancy is apparent in American society, few realize that it is society itself that causes deviancy. Our social structure exerts numerous pressures among people in our society to engage in non-conforming and deviant behavior to achieve the American dream. American society does this by emphasizing certain success goals, and not emphasizing the correct means to achieve these goals. We will write a custom essay sample on How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance or any similar topic only for you Order Now In addition, deviancy is reinforced in numerous elements of American social structure through culturally defined goals, institutionalized means, societal reactions, and various forms of sanctions. Further, American society has a strong emphasis on wealth and an unreasonable demand for success. Therefore, Americans are lead to forms of innovation, deviancy, and live in a state of anomie. First, we must examine the definitions of deviance and norms. Henry defines deviance as a person who goes against the standards, expectations, and norms of their society (lecture). Further, deviancy is thought of as a personal attribute or behavior that results in social disapproval from others, or behavior that breaks the rules and norms for that society(Social Deviance 5). Norms are rules of conduct, and each norm is a statement of desirable or undesirable behavior. Examples of desirable and undesirable states of being are messages like â€Å"don’t be too fat† and â€Å"don’t be too thin† (Social Deviance 5). In addition, norms are the shared expectations and evaluations of behavior or being that the majority of society’s members agree upon. Meier states that expectations refer to how people will act or be, and evaluations are how people should act or be (Social Deviance 5). These expectations and evaluations further reinforce the standards and expectations of our society. Some sociologists previously believed that deviance was caused by biology. Sociologists once believed that deviant people were â€Å"born bad†, and that heredity, genes, and a persons body chemistry were all common denominators in deviant people. Merton contradicts this theory by noting that: With the more recent advancement of social science, this set of conceptions has undergone basic modification. For one thing, it no longer appears so obvious that man is set against society in an unceasing war between biological impulse and social restraint. For another, sociological perspectives have increasingly entered into the analysis of behavior deviating from prescribed patterns of conduct. For whatever role the biological impulses, there still remains the further question of why it is that the frequency of deviant behavior varies within different social structure and how it happens that the deviations have different shapes and pattern in different social structures. (230) Now sociologists, such as Robert K. Merton, have new insight into the theory that deviancy is caused by the society in which we live, not biology or body chemistry. This theory of deviance is also backed up by the belief that American society leads an individual to want the American dream, but does not afford them with the means to achieve them (Fanning). As members of a society obsessed with television and media, we have pressures that reinforce the popular belief that material possessions and wealth are extremely important in American society. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that if we can locate certain groups subject to the pressures of achieving the American dream, we should expect to find high rates of deviancy in its members. In addition, some social classes do not have equal opportunity to achieve goals. Due to discrimination, members of lower classes, and certain racial and ethnic minorities, all suffer from blocked opportunities. The stress and strain that results from blocked opportunities causes the individual to question the legitimacy of traditional and institutionalized means (Fanning). In effect, these members of society begin to think of other, often illegal, ways to succeed. Furthermore, when this occurs, respect for the traditionally accepted means of achieving goals crumble, norms weaken, and society is no longer able to regulate the methods its members use to obtain success. Therefore, high crime among lower classes can be attributed to the stresses caused by American society. If a person is born into a poor family, they might be forced to work while going to high school, and may not be able to focus on school work, like other classmates. Therefore, due to life chances, they might not have the opportunity to go to college due to bad grades or unaffordability. While constantly struggling to make ends meet, they decide to commit a crime to be able to have material possessions, since they believe that they will never be able to save up to buy anything through traditional work. This new social theory states that deviancy is people simply responding normally to the social situation in which they are in. Furthermore, Merton states that â€Å"some social structures exert definite pressures upon certain persons in the society to engage in nonconforming, rather than conforming conduct† (230). In addition, deviance varies culture to culture. What we consider to be deviant is different than what other societies consider deviant. Deviant definitions also change rapidly. American society used to think that women who wore short skirts, or smoked cigarettes were deviant. Now, the same acts are not considered to still be deviant. In addition, Merton notes that â€Å"some social structures exert a definite pressure upon certain persons in society† (230). American society is a perfect example of a society that exerts unreasonable pressures, and therefore leads some of its members to deviant behavior. This social theory is proven further by Merton’s theory of social structure. In American society, Merton believes that there are two elements of social structure; culturally defined goals, and institutionalized means. Culturally defined goals are integrated into society, involving various degrees of value and significance. Culturally defined goals are what society thinks its members should strive for, such as financial success. Institutionalized means are the regulations and norms that are the acceptable way of achieving the culturally defined goal (234). An example of a culturally defined goal is a good education, and a good job. Our society gives a strong social reaction to those who deviate its norms. You read "How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance" in category "Essay examples" Societal reactions embrace the ways in which society responds to the individuals, their acts, or suspected deviance. Forms of societal reactions are sanctions and formal sanctions. Sanctions are â€Å"punishments usually designed to control suspect or actual deviance† (Social Deviance 5). Formal sanctions are the punishments administered by the state or other form of legal authority. Examples of formal sanction are fines or imprisonment. Most often these formal sanctions have a negative stigma attached to them. Furthermore, sanctions are the ultimate measuring rod for identifying deviancy and deviant acts. An example would be a person given the formal sanction of a prison sentence being labeled a â€Å"ex-con†. Informal sanctions are sanctions from less official sources, such as family, peers and friends. Examples of informal sanctions are ridicule, peer disapproval, and criticism (Social Deviance 5). The next point to discuss is the common types of deviance that result from the pressures that American society puts on its members. Merton says that members of American society are sometimes forced to innovate to reach the goals society prescribes for them. First, goals are internalized and thought of as important, such as wanting a nice car, money, and a home. These people conform to the expectations society gives them, and therefore try to achieve the goals. The person who wants a car to be accepted in society, so they conform by going to college to get a good job, to be able to buy the car. The problem occurs when members want these things, but may not have access to them. Thus, this leads persons to have to innovate to achieve these goals (Merton 233). An innovator may be a person who is unable or unwilling to go to college to get a god job, so they rob a bank to be able to buy the home and car, and therefore can fit in to societies material demands. Deviancy is also caused by the numerous contradictions and variations American society has on what avenues are thought of as acceptable ways of achieving the goals. In addition, our society also has many double standards about what is seen as acceptable. Some cheat the system, but may be thought of as being crafty, or smart. On the other hand, some equally dishonest acts have punishments, and are looked down upon by members of our society. An example of this is when a business owner price fixes. Even thought the business owner is being exploitative, he is thought of as a business genius, and intelligent. People who cheat on their taxes, or get paid under the table are dishonest and using morally wrong ways of attaining money. However, these lawbreakers are not criticized, looked down upon, or thought of as criminals. An example of this double standard is when we find an illegal act with the absence of social disapproval. Without social disapproval, an illegal act is not considered to be truly deviant (Fanning). An everyday occurrence of this discrepancy is when someone is caught speeding. The act of speeding is illegal and punished with formal sanctions, such as fines, tickets, or license suspension, but is accepted in our society. We have police officers that are paid to regulate the highways, but no negative stigma attached to the act of speeding, or the punishment given by legal authority. The demand for success in American society is overwhelming. Success has become constructed as â€Å"winning the game† rather than â€Å"winning under the rules of the game. Through the same process, tension generated by the desire to win in a poker game is relieved by a successful dealing one’s self four aces, or when shuffling the cards in a game of solitaire. Merton states that â€Å"cultural (or idiosyncratic) exaggeration of the success – goals leads men to withdraw emotional support from the rules† (232-233). On the other hand, a person who robs a bank to attain money is labeled a criminal, and given punishments. People who mug, rob, and burglarize are feared and hated in our society, but cheaters, plagiarizers, and perjurers are not. These double standards create confusion, and lead members of our society to feel as if they are without guidance or clear morals. The next argument proving how American society causes deviance is due to American society putting too much emphasis on goals, and not enough value attached the correct means to achieve these goals. Merton states that â€Å"American culture continues to be characterized by a heavy emphasis on wealth as a basic symbol of success, without a corresponding emphasis upon the legitimate avenues on which to march toward this goal† (Social Structure 235). Due to this lack of clear guidance, strong social pressure to achieve, and inadequate ways to achieve the pressures society inflicts causes members to be deviant to attain acceptable status in our society. Merton further emphasizes that: Of the types of societies that result from independent variations of cultural goals and institutionalized means, we shall primarily be concerned with the first – a society in which there is an exceptionally strong emphasis upon specific goals without corresponding emphasis upon institutional procedures. No society lacks norms governing conduct. But societies do differ in the degree in which the folkways, mores, and institutional controls are effectively integrated with the goals which stand high in the hierarchy if cultural values. The culture may be such as to lead individuals to center their emotional convictions upon the complex of culturally acclaimed ends, with far less emotional support for the prescribed methods of reaching out to these ends. As this process continues, the society becomes unstable and there develops what Durkheim called â€Å"anomie,† or normlessness. Anomie is caused by a society without clear norms, such as American society. Being without institutionalized structure, expectations, and regulations, leads people to become disorientated. Capitalist societies, such as America, are perfect examples of anomic societies. Through ruthless competition and lack of morals and values, capitalists strive for money. Therefore, our social order becomes upset and people lose their way in pursuit of wealth without real regulation. In addition, money in our society is thought of as more important than honesty, morals, family, and happiness. As Merton states â€Å"in some large measure, money has been consecrated as a value in itself, over and above its expenditure for articles of consumption and or its use for enhancement of power. â€Å"Money† is a peculiarly well adapted to become a symbol of prestige† (233). Money can buy class, power and status, all of which are highly regarded in American society. Simmel emphasizes that money is highly abstract and impersonal. However acquired, fraudulently or institutionally, money can be used to purchase the same goods and services (Illuminating Social Life 84). Therefore, it doesn’t really matter how one gets money; it just matters that one has money. The next argument as to why American society leads its members to be deviant is because our society puts a tremendous emphasis on wealth and success. Merton states that the United States has three cultural axioms. The first axiom is that everyone should strive for the American dream, which are wealth, success and independence. The second axiom states that present failure is only a slight setback; third, the only real failure is personal failure, and the withdrawal of ambition (235). This social structure puts tremendous amounts of pressure on all individuals in American society. Our society looks down upon members who do not have wealth or success. Furthermore, there is a negative attitude towards people who do not wish to achieve the â€Å"American Dream. † Some members of our society are satisfied with what they have, and do not strive for raises, promotions, or anything greater. These people are thought of as lazy, lacking ambition and work ethic, and put down in our society for simply being content with what they have. In conclusion, many people think that money will solve all of their problems, and give them happiness. On the contrary, many wealthy people are miserable, and their money has created numerous problems for them. Merton notes that when he was an observer of a community in which the common annual was in the six figures. He witnessed one victim of the American Dream saying, â€Å"in this town, I’m snubbed socially because I only get a thousand a week. That hurts† (233). Competition among neighbors, community, co-workers, and club members is overwhelming. Even after achieving monetary success, it seems as is there is no stopping point to the amount of money some strive for. Merton states that â€Å"in the American Dream there is no final stopping point. The measure of â€Å"monetary success† is conveniently indefinite and relative† (232). No matter how much money one has, it is never enough. No one can be â€Å"too rich† in America. Durkheim states that â€Å"to pursue a goal that is unattainable is to condemn ones self to a state of perpetual unhappiness. Our passions must first be limited by a moral force† (Suicide 229). Since we put pressure on ourselves to reach unattainable goals, we are therefore always dissatisfied with our lives. These social pressures that are reinforced in almost every aspect of American society can further explain deviance. Merton states that: To say that the goal of monetary success is entrenched in American culture is to say that Americans are bombarded on every side by precepts which affirm the right or, often, the duty of retaining the goal even in the face of repeated frustration. Prestigeful representatives of the society reinforce the cultural emphasis. The family, the school, and the workplace- the major agencies shaping the personality structure and goal formation of America- join to provide the intensive discipline required if an individual is to retain intact a goal that remains elusively beyond reach. (233) One of the major agencies that shape young Americans morals and values is our education system. Our education system places great emphasis on grades, test scores, and grade point averages. It seems that achieving these things is more important than really learning and retaining information. Therefore, this leads to cheating on tests, bribing professors, and altering transcripts, and all of which are forms of dishonesty and deviance. Durkheim believes that once our society brings back morals and values we will begin to establish more acceptable and reinforced ways of achieving goals (Anomie 79). We must set achievable goals for ourselves and put more emphasis on attaining happiness, not monetary success. How to cite How America’s Social Structure Causes Deviance, Essay examples

Technological Environment free essay sample

When a relatively primitive technology is used in the production process, the technology is usually referred to as labor-intensive. A highly advanced technology, on the other hand, is generally termed capital-intensive. Business Perspective: The way that businesses function both in and out of the office has changed drastically. Thanks to advances in computer, information and communication technology. Companies now use a variety of mobile devices, software and various applications that employees can use for marketing and networking, as well as research and development, for their goods and services. Internet- the Internet, perhaps more than any other factor, has changed the way that companies do business. Most companies have websites, which allow them to reach a larger audience and attract customers and employees from all over the world. In addition, businesses are now utilizing social-networking websites such as Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter, enabling them to communicate directly with customers with news and updates. We will write a custom essay sample on Technological Environment or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These websites are interactive, which means that companies can also receive immediate feedback on new products from customers, speeding the process of research and development.Email, video conferencing and online chat rooms have also made it easier for businesses to become more globalized, communicating quickly and easily with clients and co-workers regardless of their location. * Mobile Devices- The Internet resources listed above are not just available on an office computer. Many companies provide their employees with other mobile devices such as laptops, tablet computers, PDAs and smart phones. These devices are portable and enable workers to stay constantly connected and updated with their work. They also make it more possible for employees to have a mobile office, working from any location and allowing them to travel or live in an area other than where the business is actually located. Most mobile devices also have an enormous number of applications available such as productivity tools, locators that utilize GPS functions and other organizational applications that help employees download, type, share and even print documents remotely from their device. * Software- Depending on the type of business, the software used by companies will vary. However, many companies can benefit from several types of software and applications.

Social Science Research

Social science focuses on the study of society. The research centers on the importance of the scientific method in generating more convincing social science perspectives. The research focuses on the natural sciences and physical sciences to support the social science research activities. The scientific method as well and the other related sciences contribute to a more effective and convincing social science research course of actions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Science Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In terms of psychology of group behavior, the social scientific question is: What is the effect of taste on the prospective clients’ product preference. The question is significant for analysis. The question will help identify the prospective and current client’s product preferences. The results of the research will help company’s identity which product should be prioritized . The cost of the research is minimal compared to producing lots of goods that are unsalable. The company’s huge advertising budget would go to naught when the current and prospective clients refuse to buy products that are not in line with their taste preferences. Each person has a unique taste preference. Some prefer coffee, others prefer beverages. Some prefer chocolates, others prefer mint candies. Some prefer pork food products, others prefer chicken food products. Some prefer McDonald’s hamburgers, others prefer Kentucky Fried Chicken. Some prefer office clothes, others prefer work clothes. The list can go on and on. The research will lessen the guesswork and frustration of producing products will does not fill the discriminating prospective target market’s needs, wants, and caprices (Black, 2002). How should the survey be conducted? The first sub-question shows that he survey can be conducted by letting the respondents answer questions in a survey form or oral form. Some respondents prefer the survey form because it is grounded on privacy. On the other hand, people in the vicinity can hear the respondents’ answer to orally made questions. The survey can be conducted by letting the respondents take a taste test of two competing products. The survey will indicate which product will be chosen by the respondent, according to taste. The survey can be conducted in universities, kindergarten or middle school locations. The different school groups will generate a different set of survey results. The results of the middle school respondents may differ or mimic the survey results of the university students. The survey can be conducted in grocery stores. The researcher can set up a taste test table for the grocery visitors to freely partake in the research. The action avoids getting the survey results of person who do not frequent the grocery stores. The taste test can be conducted by setting up a taste test table along a busy street co rner. The people of all ages, gender, religion, race, or other walks of life can contribute their share in determining the most sought after taste.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The survey will exclude other possible taste test respondents who do not pass along the busy street corner. The taste test can be conducted in the morning or in the afternoon. The taste test will indicate the taste preferences of busy morning people. On the other hand, the afternoon taste test will exclude the busy morning people as possible respondents. The taste test can be conducted during the prospective clients’ peak hours or during their non-peak hours. The researcher will gather more research data if the research was conducted during peak hours. However, the deluge of the long queue of respondents will reduce the quantity and quality of the taste test process. The researcher must reduce t he taste test time allotment in order to accommodate more taste test respondents. The researcher can generate the taste test result from 50 respondents. On the other hand, the research can have more convincing taste test results if the respondents reach 500 or more respondents (Yates, 2004). How should the survey questions’ results be formulated and tabulated? The second sub- question focuses on how the survey questions will formulated and tabulated. The second sub-question focuses on the content of the survey questions. The survey question may indicate the respondents’ names, contact numbers, and addresses. Some respondents freely give their personal data to the researchers. However, other groups of persons prefer to hide their identity. The United States constitution gives everyone the right to privacy. Thus, the respondent can tell the researcher that he or she elects to hide one’s identity by not stating any personal information on the survey form. The surve y form may indicate the person’s age, gender, occupation, education attainment, or marital status. The respondents can fill the blanks asking for the respondent’s average monthly salary. The respondents can fill the survey questions asking one’s religion (Yates, 2004). How should the gathered data be interpreted? The third problem focuses on how gathered taste test results will be interpreted. The research may use different tools to interpret the above gathered research data. The research may use the mean statistical tool in the interpretation process. The same researcher may implement the standard deviation to answer the taste test question. The research can use analysis of variance to determine if the there is a significant difference between different groups when taking the taste test results. The groups may be segregated according the respondents’ age. The group may be segregated according one’s gender.Advertising We will write a custom es say sample on Social Science Research specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The research may determine if there is significant difference between the taste test results of the respondents according to educational attainment. The researcher may use the mode statistical tool to interpret the gathered taste test results. The researcher can use the frequency statistical tool to determine the frequency results of the different respondent groups. The researcher can use the ranking statistical tool as basis for coming up with an answer to the research question. The researcher can use the chi- square statistical tool to determine if there is a relationship between the respondent groups in terms of answering the taste test survey questions (Yates, 2004). The social scientific method provides a complete framework for investigating the three research problems that were identified. The first three steps of the standard scientific method are defining t he question, gathering relevant information and references, and forming an explanatory hypothesis. The next three steps of the standard scientific process are testing the hypothesis by performing an experiment, analyzing the gathered information, and interpreting the gathered information and generating conclusions. The last steps of the standard scientific process are publishing the results of the scientific experiment, and retesting the scientific process to determine if the same results will be repeated (Aronson, 2011). In terms of the first sub-question, the researcher can introduce all the eight steps of the scientific process to determine if the survey can be conducted by letting the respondents answer questions in a survey form or oral form. The researcher can gather relevant information and references on the different data gathering processes, especially the survey aspect and the oral interview aspect. The researcher can form an explanatory hypothesis that oral interview and the use of surveys are valid methods of gathering relevant data. Next the researcher can test the hypothesis by conducting a survey and oral interview. The researcher can gather the results of the survey experiment and the oral interview experiment as basis for interpreting whether the survey method and the oral method are valid data gathering methods. The research can publish the results of the scientific method. The results may include affirmation or negation of the suggested survey questions as appropriate data gathering procedures. Lastly, another group of social and scientific researchers can retest the same scientific experiment on the creation of survey questions. The repetition will affirm or dispute the findings of the first scientific experiment on the question generating hypothesis as valid data gathering processes (Aronson, 2011).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The researcher can implement all the eight steps of the social scientific process to determine if the second sub- question focuses on how the survey questions will formulated and tabulated. Similarly, the same researcher can implement all the eight steps of the scientific process to establish the most effective set of survey questions. The researcher can gather related information and resources on the most practical method of generating data gathering questions. The researcher can form an explanatory hypothesis that the inclusion of age, gender, occupation, and religion, and other data are valid methods of gathering relevant data. Next the researcher can test the hypothesis by making one’s own set of data gathering questions. The researcher can research on the most optimum set of questions asked in standard social research and scientific research activities. The researcher can use the sets of questions as basis for interpreting whether the selected questions are valid data ga thering methods. The research can publish the results of the scientific method done on the question generating process. The results will incorporate affirmation or negation of the survey method and oral interview methods as appropriate data gathering procedures. Lastly, another set of researchers may repeat the same scientific experiment. The repetition will confirm the findings of the first scientific experiment on the viability of surveys and oral interviews as valid data gathering processes (Aronson, 2011). The researcher can apply all the eight steps of the social scientific process to determine how to resolve the third problem. The third sub- problem focuses on how gathered taste test results will be interpreted. The researcher can gather related data and resources on the best way to analyze and interpret the gathered results. The researcher can form an explanatory hypothesis that the analysis and interpretation process is correct. Next the researcher can test the hypothesis by analyzing and interpreting the data gathered. The researcher can use the results of the analysis and interpretation process as basis for interpreting whether the current data analysis and interpretation processes are correct. The researcher can publish the results of the scientific method on the data analysis and interpretation experiment. The results may confirm or negate the hypothesis presented in terms of data analysis and interpretation. Lastly, another set of researchers may reset the same scientific experiment on data analysis and interpretation. The repetition will affirm or contradict the findings of the first scientific experiment on the correctness in terms of data analysis and interpretation (Aronson, 2011). The social scientific responses extensively rely on methods drawn from the physical and natural sciences. The social science spectrum focuses on how society acts. Man lives in a planet that filled with physical and natural objects. The physical objects fall under th e concepts and theories of physical science. Likewise, the natural objects fall under the theories and concepts of the natural sciences. The physical sciences include physics, chemistry, and astronomy. Chemistry is used in the study of determine the best tasting product. Thus, the social scientific research must delve into chemistry to discover the most salable product. Without the inputs for physical science, the social scientific responses would be incomplete (Shipman, 2009). In addition, natural science includes the study of sociology and economics. The other natural sciences are chemistry, earth science, biology, and statistics. The social scientific responses are needed to successful generate realistic social scientific responses. The research must include the biology studies to determine the feasibility of not selling products that are expired. The research must includes statistics in coming up with a convincing report that affirms or negates an established hypothesis on the t aste test data gathered. In addition, the lack of inputs from natural science precipitates to inconclusive social scientific responses (Kant, 2004). The research methods required for the formulated question (from part A2a) complements the scientific method as understood in the natural or physical sciences. The scientific method incorporates the concepts of the natural sciences and physical sciences to explain the effectiveness of the social science research methods required for the formulated question, what is the effect of taste on the prospective clients’ product preference. Specifically, the scientific method will prove that the survey gathering process, analysis, interpretation, and conclusion are correct. The social science perspective must rely on the scientific method in the same way that natural or physical science would. The scientific method is based on experiments. The experiments will prove or disprove the hypothesis. The social science perspective should use the scientific method to determine if the social science research (generating the question, etc.) is realistic. Experiments will prove that the survey and oral interview taste test gathering process is scientifically correct. Based on the above discussion, social science focuses centers on the study of society. The scientific method generates more convincing social science perspectives. The natural sciences and physical sciences to support the social science research activities. Indeed, the scientific method, and the other sciences contribute to a more effective and convincing social science research processes. References Aronson, D. (2011). Evidence -Based Technical Analysis: Applying the Scientific  Method and Statistical Inference. New York: J. Wiley Sons Press. Black, T. (2002). Understanding Social Science Research. New York: Sage Press. Kant, I. (2004). Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science. New York: University Press. Shipman, J. (2009). Introduction to Physical Science. New York: Cengage Press. Yates, S. (2004). Dong Social Science Research. New York: Sage Press. This essay on Social Science Research was written and submitted by user Wyatt Gibson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Writing an English Essay That Will Benefit You

Writing an English Essay That Will Benefit YouAn English writing sample that will help you begin writing with a free response individuality and conformity essay can be obtained by using the Internet. There are several sites available that offer samples of various essays for free.Some of these sites provide samples of both essay types, free-response essays and conformity essays. Some of these are even free of charge. The good thing about these websites is that they have large numbers of essays which you can choose from for free.You don't need to worry about how well you are going to use the essay, whether it is better to improve on it or if you need to revise it later. The basic idea is that you can sit down at any time of the day and type up your essay to find out what the best way to write it is. It is also important to understand that you can use the English writing sample that you obtain for free.The essays that you get in these websites are all written in standard English languag e. The only difference is that the words used have been converted into their English equivalents. This means that some phrases and words will be put into capital letters, others into italics and so on. You won't have to worry about learning the standard spelling of the English language.There are many other features available that will help you keep your writer's attention and focus. There are sections that offer tips about different subjects that you might not have encountered before. For example, one such site includes links to helpful websites on things like the law of attraction and how to deal with addictions and depression.You will be given information about investment and interest rates, as well as where to buy gold coins, art and antiques. This is something that many people who want to learn more about the online world do not have the time or the inclination to do. It would therefore be wise to use a free essay writing sample to begin with.After you have the necessary vocabul ary and grammar, it is time to get started. If you wish to discover how to write a free-response essay, just go to the website that you have chosen and get started with the essay. You will find that it is much easier than writing a complete piece for which you will have to pay.

I tweet, therefore I am - Emphasis

I tweet, therefore I am I tweet, therefore I am Thinking about jumping onto this bandwagon. But where will it all end? So might read my inaugural tweet by definition: an answer to the question what are you doing? in 140 characters or fewer on the micro-blogging site Twitter. And bandwagon begets bandwagon: those not tweeting are bleating about tweeting. The public is being divided into for and against camps; and perhaps the real question posed is: is there anything left now that is considered not appropriate to write about? Twitter has seen some incredible successes in its young life. It is a popular medium for celebrities, who get to by-pass the media and connect directly with their fans. Barack Obamas presidential campaign succeeded in large part because he embraced such types of social media. He updated subscribers via the site, keeping them up-to-date on his public appearances and decisions. No doubt this was key in working himself and his message into the nations psyche, while reinforcing his image as a modern man of the people. The potential of Twitter from a marketing point of view is evidently enormous. And so it is working its way into schools and university curriculums. A recent book, by money-making strategist Joel Comm, teaches the ways of Twitter Power How to Dominate Your Market One Tweet at a Time. Supporters predict a day when users will be able to search the consciousness of the planet in real-time. With a mere 140 characters to work with, Twitterers have no choice but to be succinct; and we Emphasisers are all in favour of keeping it short and simple. Whats missing is content control. Granted, escape from Big Brother (in all its forms) is generally welcome. And of course people have the right to express themselves creatively. But were considering writing instructions for this exciting new toy. The Daily Mail is using the service to send out nuggets of news to those for whom newspapers are just too darn heavy. The BBC experimented with including Twitter updates in its coverage of the Mumbai terror attacks back in November 2008, in an apparent desire to be first with the news. This rather clumsy attempt to cover a fast-moving story with equally fast-moving technology caused a considerable backlash on their website, amid accusations of inaccuracy and lazy journalism. Sky news rather glibly (and arguably massively inappropriately) sent tweets out from the courtroom where Joseph Fritzl stood trial for his horrendous crimes against his own daughter. Of course, skill in writing has little or nothing to do with Twitter, barring perhaps the occasional impressive haiku. What does is the attitude that whether youve just survived a plane crash (see the Guardians article) or youve just sat down with a cup of Bovril, the immediate prevailing thought is to publish oneself. Faced with this unrelenting, unverified barrage of thought bubbles, will we all have to become active editors of our own (and everyone elses) lives? Or will we just be tweeting while Rome burns?

Ideas for Plant and Soil Chemistry Science Projects

Ideas for Plant and Soil Chemistry Science Projects Plant and Soil Chemistry Project Ideas Science fair projects that involve plants or soil chemistry are very popular with students. Its fun to work with living things and the environment that supports them. These projects are great from an educational standpoint because they integrate concepts from different areas of science and the scientific method. However, it isnt always easy to decide what to do with the plants and soil! These science fair project ideas can help you define your project. Some involve botany and chemistry, others have an environmental science slant, and then others are soil chemistry. Botany and Chemistry Components How do different fertilizers affect the way plants grow? There are lots of different types of fertilizers, containing varying amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, in addition to other ingredients. You can test different fertilizers and see how they affect the height of a plant, the number or size of its leaves, the number of flowers, time until blooming, branching of stems, root development, or other factors.Does using colored mulch have an effect on a plant? You can look at its height, fruitfulness, number of flowers, overall plant size, the rate of growth, or other factors.Is a seed affected by its size? Do different size seeds have different germination rates or percentages? Does seed size affect the growth rate or final size of a plant? Environmental Science Aspects How do different factors affect seed germination? Factors that you could test include the intensity, duration, or type of light, the temperature, the amount of water, the presence/absence of certain chemicals, or the presence/absence of soil. You can look at the percentage of seeds that germinate or the rate at which seeds germinate.How are plants affected by the distance between them? Look into the concept of allelopathy. Sweet potatoes are plants that release chemicals (allelochemicals) that can inhibit the growth of plants near them. How close can another plant grow to a sweet potato plant? What effects does an allelochemical have on a plant?How does cold storage affect the germination of seeds? Factors you can control include the type of seeds, the length of storage, the temperature of storage, and other variables, such as light and humidity.What conditions affect the ripening of fruit? Look at ethylene and enclosing a piece of fruit in a sealed bag, temperature, light, or nearne ss to other pieces or fruit. Soil Chemistry Considerations How are different soils affected by erosion? You can make your own wind or water and evaluate the effects on soil. If you have access to a very cold freezer, you can look at the effects of freeze and thaw cycles.How does the pH of soil relate to the pH of the water around the soil? You can make your own pH paper, test the pH of the soil, add water, then test the pH of the water. Are the two values the same? If not, is there a relationship between them?How close does a plant have to be to a pesticide for it to work? How do environmental factors (i.e., light, rain, wind, etc.) influence the effectiveness of a pesticide? How much can you dilute a pesticide while retaining its effectiveness? How effective are natural pest deterrents?What is the effect of a chemical on a plant? You can look at natural pollutants (e.g., motor oil, runoff from a busy street) or unusual substances (e.g., orange juice, baking soda). Factors that you can measure include the rate of plant growth, leaf size, lif e/death of the plant, the color of the plant, and ability to flower/bear fruit.